Saturday, 28 June 2014

Ukraine celebrates Constitution Day

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Flag of Ukraine. Flag of Ukraine. Photo: Jørgen Deleuran.

The Constitution of the state of Ukraine was adopted on 28 June 1996, by the fifth session of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 2nd summoning.

28 June – Constitution Day. This national feast day is celebrated every year in honor of the adoption of the Constitution of the independent Ukraine. The Constitution was adopted on 28 June 1996, by the fifth session of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 2nd summoning. The Constitution came into force on the day of its adoption.

The current Constitution of Ukraine consists of 15 sections. 161 paragraphs are assembled in 14 segments and the 15th section contains 16 transitional provisions. Prior to the Constitution text is the preamble.

The history of the modern constitution

On 30 September 2010 abolished the Constitutional Court of Ukraine constitutional the reform of 2004 and returned to the provisions of the Constitution adopted by the Verkhovna Rada in 1996. Thus, Ukraine returned to the presidential parliamentary form of government.

On 21 February 2014 the Verkhovna Rada, with constitutional majority, adobted to return to the 2004 Constitution.

The new constitution

The president of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko introduced on 26 June to the Verkhovna Rada a draft amendment to the Constitution, which contained provisions about decentralization of the power in Ukraine and is one of the key points of his peace plan for Donbas. He hopes that the Verkhovna Rada will change the Constitution in the first reading in plenary week, which begins on 1 July.

On the same day, assured the president of the Venice Commission Gianni Buquicchio that the Venice Commission is ready in the near future to consider proposals to amend the Constitution of Ukraine, as proposed by Poroshenko, and give a preliminary conclusion.

The very first constitution of Ukraine

The very first Ukrainian Constitution was made by Hetman (Hetman – title of a Cossack chieftain) of Viys'ka (viys'ko – Army) Zaporizhs'kogo Pilip Orlik in 1710. It is considered the first Ukrainian constitution, as well as one of the first constitutions in Europe.

The document was drawn up at the old Ukrainian language and Latin. A Latin copy of the OTC's Constitution from the 18th century is in The National Archives in Sweden, and on the Ukrainian language in Russia's State Archive.

Translation by Jorgen Deleuran

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